Уровень B. Прочее.
My thoughts about science
Nowadays people live in the era of progress and development that provides a wide range of opportunities for everybody. Using accumulated knowledge, people can make discoveries and inventions, which seemed incredible not long ago.Every science has an experience that gives a great opportunity to everybody to reach his own goals and realize his own dreams. It is very important for every person to figure out what science can help to get these opportunities.
To my mind, some sciences are sure to be learned. It is a well-known fact that science is an important part of many different kinds of jobs. Doctors study diseases and discover new cures and treatments. Chemists invent new medicines. Agricultural scientists help to bring fresh nutritious products to our supermarkets. These are just a few examples. You can find many more examples of science on the ground, in the skies, and in the oceans.
Science produces useful models, which allow us to make various useful predictions and attempts to describe what already exists. So, science is a very useful tool. It is a basis of understanding that allows us to act more effectively concerning our surroundings and to better adapt and evolve. Modern science has revealed insights about the
Universe that were unimagined just a few generations ago. Surely some are important for understanding the overall context that gives meaning and significance to our lives. In recent years scientists of the world have achieved great success in the development of physics, chemistry, biology, and such astonishing, interesting science as psychology.
However, scientific discoveries can also have a negative impact. Some of the latest technological advances that make our life easier or more enjoyable have proved to have unwanted and often unexpected long-term effects. Industrial and agricultural chemicals pollute the global environment, even in such remote areas as Antarctica, and city air is much contaminated by toxic gases from vehicle exhausts.
All in all, we should be very careful using new scientific discoveries and technologies not to damage the world we live in and save our planet for further generations.
В настоящее время люди живут в эпоху прогресса и развития, что обеспечивает широкий спектр возможностей для всех. Используюя накопленные знания, люди могут сделать открытия и изобретения, которые, казалось невероятным недавно. Каждая наука имеет опыт, который дает всем прекрасную возможность достичь своих собственных целей и реализовать свои мечты. Это очень важно для каждого человека, выяснить, что наука может помочь получить эти возможности.
На мой взгляд, некоторые науки, несомненно, будут распространяться. Это хорошо известный факт, что наука является важной частью многих различных видов работ. Врачи изучают болезни и открывают новые лекарства и методы лечения. Химики изобретают новые лекарства. Сельскохозяйственные ученые помогают привнести свежие питательные продукты в наши супермаркеты. Это всего лишь несколько примеров. Вы можете найти много больше примеров науки и в небе, и в океанах.
Наука производит полезные модели, которые позволяют нам сделать различные полезные прогнозы и попытки описать то, что уже существует. Наука является очень полезным инструментом. Это является основой понимания того, что позволяет нам действовать более эффективно в отношении нашего окружения и лучше адаптироваться и развиваться. Современная наука выявила более глубокое представление о Вселенной, которое было невообразимым всего несколько поколений назад. Конечно для понимания важен контекст, который дает смысл и значение нашей жизни. В последние годы ученые всего мира добились больших успехов в развитии физики, химии, биологии и такой удивительной, интересной науки, как психология.
Тем не менее, научные открытия также могут нести негативные последствия. Некоторые из последних технологических достижений, которые делают нашу жизнь проще и приятнее оказали нежелательные и часто неожиданные долгосрочные последствия. Промышленные и сельскохозяйственные химикаты загрязняют окружающую среду даже в таких отдаленных районах, как Антарктида, а городской воздух загрязнен токсичными выхлопными газами автомобилей.
В целом, мы должны быть очень осторожны с использованием новых научных открытий и технологий, чтобы не повредить мир в котором мы живем и спасти нашу планету для будущих поколений.
We are living in the modern world, full of computers, automatic devices, gadgets, cell phones and many other different interesting and useful things that technological progress has given us for usage. Although not even years have passed as we couldn’t even dream about time when it would be enough just to tap on a screen and get connected with the other person on the different end of the world.
Science has given us possibility to fly into space and step on the moon, to start studying different parts of our galaxy and even farther. For example, what wonderful pictures of our galaxy and planets and stars surrounding Earth Hubble telescope has showed to us. Now we can develop further and maybe ever step on the other planets and even populate it.
Technology has considerably made our life easier due to different discoveries. For example, nowadays we can travel with extremely high speed in different directions: many countries have high-speed trains which help us to feel comfortable all the way.
Older people have different devices that have highly improved the level of their life, such as special cars for driving or hearing aid that helps them to no more feel useless in the society.
On the other hand al this computerized environment may damage us too. Our children spend more and more time playing computer games, texting their friends instead of meeting them in the streets, living more and more in their own virtual world. Girls try to compete whose cell phone or tablet is better and more modern, or who has more friends on Facebook.
Anyway technology has its advantages and disadvantages, but we cannot escape from progress, the development is inevitable. But our responsibility is to preserve ourselves as modern, just and peaceful civilization.
Мы живем в современном мире, переполненном компьютерами, автоматическими устройствами, мобильными телефонами и другими интересными и полезными, которые нам дал в пользование технический прогресс. Хотя еще двадцать лет назад мы и мечтать не могли о времени, когда будет достаточно коснуться экрана и соединиться с человеком на другом конце земли.
Наука дала нам возможность полететь в космос и ступить на луну, начать изучать разные части нашей галактики и даже дальше. Например, какие прекрасные фотографии нашей галактики, ее планет и звезд окружающих Землю подарил нам телескоп Хаббл. И сейчас мы можем развиваться и дальше, и может быть, ступим на другие планеты и даже поселимся на них.
Технологии сделали нашу жизнь значительно легче, благодаря разным открытиям. Например, сегодня мы можем путешествовать с невероятно высокими скоростями в разные направления: во многих странах уже есть высокоскоростные поезда, позволяющие нам чувствовать себя комфортно в пути.
У пожилых людей появилось множество разных устройств, которые сильно улучшили их уровень жизни, такие как специальные автомобили и слуховые аппараты, позволяющие им чувствовать себя полезными обществу.
С другой стороны вся эта компьютеризированная среда может и навредить. Наши дети проводят все больше и больше времени, играя в компьютерные игры, переписываясь с друзьями, вместо того, чтобы встретиться на улице. Они все больше и больше живут в своем виртуальном мире. Девочки стали соревноваться у кого мобильный телефон лучше и современней, или у кого больше друзей в социальной сети.
Все равно у технологий есть свои преимущества и недостатки, но мы не можем убежать от прогресса, развитие неизбежно. Но наша ответственность в том, чтобы сохранить человечество современным, справедливым и мирным.
We live in the era of high technologies, and we use modern inventions in our everyday life because they have brought us much comfort. New technologies have spread on every field over the past 15 years. Moreover, they are rapidly changing. For example, video-recorders, DVD-players or compact disks have already become obsolete and have been replaced by more up-to-date devices. Today we can hardly imagine our life without such modern mobile devices as cell phones or laptops. Our offices are fully equipped with computers, printers, scanners, air-conditioners, interactive whiteboards and wi-fi modems. Household appliances (vacuum-cleaners, coffee-machines, dish-washers, food processors and others) help us to save our time and energy.
However, we should realize that digital and electronic inventions have both negative and positive impact on our daily life.
I am absolutely positive that new technologies or gadgets are making things faster, easier, more comfortable and interesting. For instance, if you install a GPS (Global Positioning System) in your car you’ll never get lost again. And could we imagine just 15 years ago all the things we can do on the wireless Internet nowadays: connecting with friends from all over the world, online shopping and banking, distance online learning, finding virtual relationships and even working from home? Isn’t that awesome?! Our parents used to go to post-offices to send letters or pay bills, they went to libraries to find a good book and they used telephone-booths for phone-calls.
On the other hand, I know some people who are strongly against some modern inventions because they really miss those days when they talked to each other face to face in reality, and not virtually. I partially agree with that as I really believe that people are becoming anti-social and too dependent on their gadgets. Some of my friends also spend half of the time occupying their shiny gadgets (smart-phones or i-pads) even when we go out together. Besides, people who use various social networks a lot (such as Facebook or Instagram) should worry more about their privacy.
Summing up, I could say that there are serious arguments both for and against the use of new technologies but anyway it’s really difficult to imagine our life without them today.
Новые технологии в нашей жизни
Мы живем в эпоху высоких технологий и пользуемся современными изобретениями в повседневной жизни, поскольку они принесли нам много комфорта. Новые технологии распространились в каждой области за последние 15 лет. Более того, они стремительно меняются. Например, видеомагнитофоны, DVD-плееры или компакт-диски стали уже устаревшими, и им на смену пришли более современные устройства. Сегодня мы с трудом можем представить нашу жизнь без таких современных мобильных приборов, как сотовые телефоны или ноутбуки. Наши офисы полностью оборудованы компьютерами, принтерами, сканерами, кондиционерами, интерактивными досками и wi-fi модемами. Бытовые приборы (пылесосы, кофе-машины, посудомоечные машины, кухонные комбайны и другие) помогают нам экономить время и энергию.
Однако, нам следует понимать, что цифровые и электронные изобретения имеют как отрицательное, так и положительное влияние на нашу повседневную жизнь.
Я полностью согласен с тем, что новые технологии или гаджеты делают многие вещи быстрее, легче, удобнее и интереснее. К примеру, если вы устанавливаете в своем автомобиле GPS (Глобальную Навигационную Систему), вы больше никогда не заблудитесь. А могли ли мы представить всего лишь 15 лет назад все то, что можем делать сегодня по беспроводному интернету: связь с друзьями по всему миру, онлайн покупки и банковские операции, дистанционное онлайн обучение, поиск виртуальных знакомств и даже работу из дома? Разве это не здорово?! Наши родители раньше отправлялись в почтовое отделение для того, чтобы отсылать письма или оплачивать счета, они ходили в библиотеки для того, чтобы найти хорошую книгу и пользовались телефонными будками для того, чтобы позвонить.
С другой стороны, я знаю людей, которые категорически против некоторых современных изобретений, так как им очень не хватает тех дней, когда они общались друг с другом, лицом к лицу в реальности, а не виртуально. Частично я согласен с этим, потому что я считаю, что люди становятся анти-социальными и слишком зависимыми от своих гаджетов. Некоторые мои друзья также посвящают половину времени своим блестящим гаджетам (смартфонам или ай-пэдам), даже когда мы выходим вместе погулять. Кроме того, людям, которые много пользуются социальными сетями (такими, как Фэйсбук или Инстарграм), нужно побеспокоиться о защите своей личной информации.
Устная тема по английскому языку с переводом: The achievement of science
(Do scientific developments create opportunities for satisfying needs and desires of the people and for making their life easier? What achievements of science do you use in your household?)
As the years go forward our life becomes faster, a lot of new things appear, our mind develops and it cannot stop. It"s like a strong river which never ends to run and it is rapidly spreading all over the earth. Many centuries ago people even couldn"t imagine that we will be able to exchange information using telephone, fax, Internet as long as they couldn"t think that there are a lot of planets except our earth and that people can fly their.
If we think how had everything developed, how many new things had appeared and how had the minds of people become so wide we even won"t be able to understand it because nowadays we cannot imagine our life without such inventions like lamps, ovens, central heating and others. During the centuries people have been invented the things to make our life easier. A great invention such as transport plays one of the most important roles in our life. We live in flats, can appear in different point of earth within a day, can say hello to people who live in another point of the world. All those things are a product of technical progress and it doesn"t stop to grow and develop. Nowadays we live surrounded by machines and other inventions. And with new inventions we become happier because nearly everything is making by machine not by ourselves. And from day to day appear more and more new things. And we don"t think about how the first inventions were created. The only thing we know that we never will return to the life which people lived a lot of centuries ago because there is no way back. Everything is handy. We use at home vacuum cleaners to clean the flat, ovens to cook, lifts to walk down in our houses, lamps to make our flats light…. There are a lot of such things like this, and we even don"t think about when and where and who invented it. And it"s so simple to us. And it"s so dear to us that we cannot even live without it. Our century is a century of developing informational connection. Faxes, TV, Internet, and Telephone became the most popular way of getting and sending information. One of the greatest inventions of the century, in my opinion is computer. It"s the coup in the technology.
When Charles Babbage (1792-1871), a professor of mathematics at Cambridge University invented the first calculating machine in 1812 he could hardly have imagined the situation we find ourselves today. Computer becomes like a brain of human but the only thing it cannot do is to feel. The other things are easy to it. As everything computers also develop. The possibilities of it are so wide. It can do more than 500000 sums in a fraction of a second. Programming became one of the most useful and popular profession. Nowadays computers can pay wages, reserve seats on planes, control sputniks, compose music. Also everybody knows the words Cd Rom, a means of storing information on a disk to be read by a computer, e-mail, which becomes one of the ways to exchange information, the Internet – a network that is a way to get information, to communicate with people, to find everything you need. More and more people become Internet users because we can do so many things their and also cannot say all of them. You can chat there, find job, pay bills, get music, buy something, find referats, and know the latest news exchange information with other people in each point of earth by e-mail and a lot of other functions. As for me it became a usual thing to be connected to Internet. It attracts me by a wide variety of different kinds of information which is necessary to people.
Of coarse I use a lot of other things of technology at home.
And I think that the main point of such inventions as vacuum cleaners, which we use at home, radio, TV set, mixers, refrigerators, one of the most important thing in every flat all these were invented only after the invention of electricity. So I find the question about technical progress very wide and it"s impossible to say about all inventions. And in conclusion I want to say that the technical progress won"t stop and the machines will substitute everything except one the human.
Перевод текста: The achievement of science
(Научные события создают возможности удовлетворить потребности и желания людей и для того, чтобы делать их жизнь легче? Какие достижения науки Вы используете в вашем домашнем хозяйстве?)
Поскольку годы продвигаются, наша жизнь становится быстрее, много новых вещей появляется, наше мнение развивается, и это не может остановиться. Это походит на сильную реку, которая никогда не заканчивается, чтобы бежать, и это быстро распространяется на всем протяжении земли. Много столетий назад люди даже не могли вообразить, что мы будем в состоянии обменять информацию, используя телефон, факс, Интернет, пока они не могли думать, что есть много планет кроме нашей земли и что люди могут лететь их.
Если мы будем думать, как развили все, сколько новых вещей появилось и как имел умы людей, которыми становятся настолько широкий, то мы даже не будем в состоянии понять это, потому что в настоящее время мы не можем вообразить нашу жизнь без таких изобретений как лампы, духовки, центральное отопление и другие. В течение столетий люди были изобретены вещи, чтобы сделать нашу жизнь легче. Большое изобретение, типа транспорта играет одну из самых важных ролей в нашей жизни. Мы живем в квартирах, может появиться в различном пункте земли в течение дня, может сказать привет людям, которые живут в другом пункте мира. Все те вещи - продукт технического продвижения, и это не останавливается, чтобы расти и развиться. В настоящее время мы живем окруженные машинами и другими изобретениями. И с новыми изобретениями мы становимся более счастливыми, потому что почти все делает машиной не. И со дня на день появитесь более новые вещи. И мы не думаем, как первые изобретения были созданы. Единственная вещь мы знаем, что мы никогда не будем возвращаться к жизни, из которой люди жили много из столетия назад, потому что нет никакого пути назад. Все удобно. Мы используем дома пылесосы, чтобы чистить квартиру, духовки, чтобы готовить, подъемы, чтобы спуститься в наших зданиях, лампы, чтобы сделать наш свет квартир. Есть много таких вещей к
Science & Technology
Technology is
an important part of our lives. We use computers and other
electric equipment at work and in the home. However, some people
believe we rely too much on machines, and that the more
technology improves, the lazier and weaker humans will become.
Technological advances are changing our lives very rapidly.
Nowadays we can"t do without such gadgets as mobile phones, PCs,
digital tape recorders, air conditioners, fax machines and so
on. Many people feel ill at ease without their laptop computers
or GPS navigation systems.
In my opinion, technology facilitates our lives and saves our
time. Computers help us do the most difficult sums and
investigate complicated data. People do business, communicate
and do the shopping via the Internet. It is much easier to do
housework nowadays, thanks to electric equipment such as
microwave ovens, washing machines and so on.
However, many people say that technology makes us lazier and
weaker. For example, such technological developments as the
telephone and the Internet have made communication much easier,
but they can cause the loss of social interaction. A lot of
people prefer communicating through a keyboard than face to
face. That is why people don"t meet as often as they did in the
past. A lot of people are fond of watching TV and playing
computer games. They spend hours in front of the screen. They
have no time to read books or to communicate with their friends.
They move less, speak less and they even think less. Of course,
such way of life does much harm to their health.
To sum up, people should continue to develop technology, but
they must do it wisely. Otherwise we may regret in the future.
Some people
say that technical devices do more harm than good. However,
others think that it is impossible to live without computers or
mobile phones nowadays.
Nowadays people can"t imagine their lives without different
technical devices. Every day we use computers, laptops, mobile
phones, i-Pods, digital tape recorders and so on.
I have always wondered if our lives could be better without
these technical devices. Personally, I can"t do without my
computer as it helps me study. For example, it helps me prepare
reports and create beautiful presentations. Besides, the
computer is a great source of entertainment. I often play
computer games, watch films or listen to music. The Internet
helps me learn the latest news, access useful information,
communicate with my friends and what not. A mobile phone is a
vital part of my daily life. It gives me an opportunity to be
reachable everywhere and to keep in touch with my friends.
However, many people say that technical devices enslave those
who use them. Besides, they do much harm to our health. For
example, if people spend much time in front of the screen, they
have problems with their eyesight and sleep. They don"t go out
or exercise, they feel exhausted and depressed. Computer games
can cause addiction and make people aggressive. As for mobile
phones, they use electromagnetic radiation which can influence
our health in a negative way.
To conclude, I would prefer a technological way of life to a
natural one, though it has a number of disadvantages. In my
opinion, modern society can"t do without progress and
technology. People can avoid the risk to human life and health
if they use technological devices wisely.
Mobile
telephones have become very popular nowadays. However, some
people say that their use should be restricted.
Mobile phones have changed people"s lives. They give us an
opportunity to stay in touch and to be reachable everywhere. It
is very comfortable, especially for the busy modern lifestyle.
So, the mobile phone has become a vital part of our daily lives
and it is difficult to imagine how people lived without mobile
phones in the past.
In my opinion, the mobile phone is a very useful device. Thanks
to it, I can access people I need to speak to and I can never
miss anything important. If I need some help, I just call my
friends and they rush to rescue me. If I have a meeting and I"m
late, I can send an SMS with my excuses. It is very fast and
convenient. What is more, with the help of my mobile phone I can
access the Internet, send and receive photos and video, play
games, listen to music and what not.
However, mobile phones have some disadvantages. Firstly, they
deprive people of privacy and it is almost impossible to relax
with your mobile phone on. Secondly, many people are worried
about the harmful influence of mobile phones on their health.
Mobile phones use electromagnetic radiation. Scientists say that
there is no significant health effect from mobile phone
radiation. But still it is better not to use your mobile phone
too often.
To sum up, a mobile phone is very useful because it gives us the
freedom of movement. It has made communication much easier. But
we shouldn"t forget that a face-to-face conversation is much
better than just a telephone talk.
Most people
are used to sending e-mails and SMS messages. But others still
prefer traditional paper letters or phone calls.
Nowadays more and more people are sending e-mails and SMS
messages, while others say that it may lead to the loss of
social interaction.
Personally, I communicate with my friends through e-mails and
SMS messages. To my mind, they have a number of advantages.
Firstly, both e-mails and SMS messages are rather cheap and
quick. Secondly, they are non-intrusive. In comparison with a
call, they do not interrupt a person if he or she is in the
middle of a meeting and can"t answer you right now. Besides,
there are no standard rules for writing e-mails and SMS
messages, and a lot of words can be shortened. Their objective
is to convey a comprehensible message as quickly as possible.
That is why traditional rules of grammar, spelling and
punctuation are largely ignored.
However, a lot of people say that sending an e-mail or SMS
message is not the same as writing a letter. Paper letters are
usually intimate and long. They give you an opportunity to tell
your friends or relatives all the latest news and to express
your feelings. As for e-mails and SMS messages, they are often
short and impersonal. You can"t see the sender"s handwriting,
you can"t feel the crisp paper and you are not likely to re-read
these messages. But I still believe that sending e-mails and SMS
messages is more effective than writing letters.
To conclude, when we are short of time, e-mails and SMS messages
are the best way of communication. But if we want to give or
learn more detailed information, letters or phone calls are
better.
The Internet
has revolutionized the way people live and work. However, some
people think it has more drawbacks than advantages.
The Internet is a great source of information and
entertainment for many people. It has made possible new forms of
social interaction and has become a major source of leisure.
Personally, I can"t imagine my life without the Internet. Thanks
to it, I have an opportunity to access news, documents, images,
sounds, video, games and sports reports, to make friends, to
book tickets and to purchase different things online. There are
a lot of different sites for pupils, students, gardeners,
engineers, bankers, people who are fond of music, cinema, sports
and even for disabled people. What is more, the Internet has
revolutionized the way people communicate. Sending electronic
text messages is much faster and easier than writing letters.
People use e-mail to stay in touch with friends worldwide.
However, there are still a lot of people who think that the
Internet has too many disadvantages. Internet-addiction is a
topical problem nowadays. Spending much time in front of the
screen becomes a kind of obsession for many people. The symptoms
of Internet addiction include sleep deprivation, decreased
physical activity and social interaction with others. People who
spend most of their time in the virtual world forget about the
real one. They neglect their relatives and ruin their families.
Besides, there is a lot of rubbish online and you can"t always
trust what you read on the web.
To sum up, the Internet becomes dangerous when it is misused.
But if it is used wisely and moderately, it helps you work,
study or entertain and saves plenty of time.
Internet
dating is becoming more and more popular. However, many people
say that meeting people online is dangerous.
Nowadays a lot of young people feel that meeting people
online is just the same as meeting in a bar. Many of them make
friends online and even fall in love with their virtual
interlocutors.
To my mind, it is silly to trust a person you have never seen.
You can never be sure that you communicate with the individual
whose personal information and photos you see. For example, a
"young" boy may turn out to be a 50-year-old man. Besides, it is
very dangerous to give detailed personal information to complete
strangers. Your online friend may be a swindler or even a
murderer. So meeting such a person in real life may be extremely
risky.
On the other hand, some people say that internet dating has many
advantages. Firstly, it is easier for shy people to chat through
a keyboard than face to face. Secondly, you can search the
Internet when you are not busy. Besides, you can talk to lots of
people at the same time and you can have several online
boyfriends or girlfriends. One can list all his or her romantic
requirements and then find exactly what he or she wants. But I
still believe that face-to-face dating is much better.
To sum up, internet dating may help you find love. If you don"t
meet someone in real life, it seems a great alternative. But
Internet daters must be cautious because you never know what you
are going to get from online romance.
Various social
networks have aroused great interest among Internet users.
However, some people say that they have a lot of drawbacks.
Social networks are very popular among users of different
ages and professions. But many people are concerned about the
influence of social networks on their lives.
Personally, I think that social networks have a lot of benefits.
Firstly, they link together users of the Internet who have
common interests and give people an opportunity to look for old
and new friends, to build communities, to send messages and to
share news and pictures. There are other sites which allow
classmates from school or university to keep in contact with
each other. Secondly, many people use social networks to
communicate and exchange personal information for dating
purposes. Thirdly, social networks are being used by teachers
and students. Teachers often help pupils with homework and post
assignments, tests or quizzes. Social networks also serve to
foster teacher-parent communication. Parents can ask questions
without having to meet teachers face to face. Finally, some
people search for job opportunities with the help of social
networks.
However, some users are worried about data theft and viruses.
The problem is that many people give out too much personal
information that may be passed to third parties for different
purposes. To protect user privacy, social networks allow users
to choose who can view their profile or contact them. This
prevents unauthorized users from accessing, adding, changing, or
removing personal information and pictures.
To conclude, the popularity of social networks continues growing
because more and more people find it easier to communicate
digitally. What is more, millions of people use them for fun as
well as for business and educational purposes.
Artificial
intelligence performs quite a lot of jobs nowadays. However,
many people are worried about computers doing the same things
that people can do.
In the 90s and early 21st century artificial intelligence
achieved its greatest success. Today clever machines are taught
to think and make decisions. But is it safe that artificial
intelligence is invading the world?
To my mind, computers and robots are very helpful. There are
more and more jobs which humans leave to robots such as
exploring another planet, defusing bombs or just doing boring
household chores like cleaning. Computers can perform a lot of
functions: they can control cars and planes, give us the news or
compose music. Many factory jobs are performed by industrial
robots nowadays. It has led to cheaper production of various
goods, including automobiles and electronics. Artificial
intelligence has successfully been used in a wide range of
fields including medical diagnosis, stock trading, robot
control, law, scientific discovery and toys.
However, there are some reasons to worry about robots. Firstly,
the use of robots in industry leads to unemployment as many jobs
are performed by machines. Secondly, industrial robots can be
dangerous and cause harm to human workers. Besides, many people
fear that highly intelligent robots may take over and destroy
the human race. There are a lot of books and films about people
losing control over clever machines that begin to kill their
creators. But I believe that it is early to worry because robots
are still clumsy and not very intelligent.
To conclude, artificial intelligence serves to help people and
make their lives easier. That is why I think that we should
promote research in artificial intelligence. But people must be
careful and pay more attention to security.
People have
different attitude to cloning. Some of them think that cloning
opens new possibilities, while others are convinced that it is
morally unacceptable.
Scientists have always dreamed of reproducing exact copies
of animals and even human beings. They have already succeeded in
this field and created Dolly, the first cloned sheep, and many
other animals. But the question of cloning, especially human
one, still remains controversial.
Personally, I think that cloning plants and animals is rather
interesting and exciting. Cloned animals may be strong and
healthy and they may produce more wool, meat or milk. Besides,
cloning will help us preserve species that are on the brink of
extinction. Moreover, cloning gives people new medical
possibilities. Owing to it, scientists can create organs for
transplantation and save people who need a new heart, liver or
kidneys.
However, quite a lot of people are against cloning. They say
that people must not interfere in the process of creating a new
life because it is the duty of nature. What is more, scientists
don"t know for sure how clones will behave and what diseases
they may transmit. As for human cloning, it seems to be
dangerous and morally unacceptable.
To conclude, I think that science must develop in order to
improve our lives. But people should be more careful when they
use new technologies and investigate new phenomena. So to my
mind, cloning must be used only when it is necessary to save
lives and to solve important problems.
The Large
Hadron Collider (LHC), the world"s largest particle accelerator,
is expected to advance humanity"s understanding of the deepest
laws of nature. However, a lot of people are worried about its
existence.
The Large Hadron Collider has gained considerable attention
of the scientific community, the mass media and the general
public. Experts say that it could change physics and our
understanding of the world. But why do many people worry that
the LHC would be a problem?
Personally, I"m amazed by all the interesting theories
surrounding the LHC. Scientists hope that the Large Hadron
Collider will help us answer many of the most fundamental
questions concerning the structure of space and time, extra
dimensions, the nature of the dark matter and many others. There
hasn"t been any advance in fundamental physics for many years,
but the LHC may help us understand how the universe works and
discover new facts about it.
However, many people are against the LHC. The project costs much
money and the LHC is considered to be one of the most expensive
scientific instruments ever built. Moreover, people fear that
the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider may be extremely
dangerous and that it may swallow Switzerland or even destroy
the planet. In his famous novel "Angels & Demons" Dan Brown
describes antimatter created at the LHC which is used in a
weapon against the Vatican. But according to scientists, the LHC
presents no danger and there is no reason for concern. I
strongly feel that the experiments at the LHC should continue
because they are extremely interesting and nobody knows what is
going to be found.
To conclude, I believe that the LHC may change the face of
physics forever and help answer the questions that people have
been asking since the beginning of time.
The use of
polygraph still remains controversial. Some people think that
this device helps detect a lie, while others are convinced that
polygraph evidence is unreliable.
It is well-known that lying causes bodily changes. A
polygraph, or a lie detector, measures the physiological stress
a person endures while he or she gives statements or answers
questions. The device measures the suspect"s heart rate, blood
pressure, breathing rate and respiration. If there is increased
activity in these areas, the suspect might be lying. However,
the accuracy of the polygraph has been contested almost since
the introduction of the device.
Personally, I think that a polygraph is a very useful invention.
If people believe that it can detect lies, they try to answer
truthfully. In some countries polygraphs are used to interrogate
suspects and screen new employees. Polygraph examinations
sometimes help extract confessions from a defendant.
But experts say that the accuracy of this method is
questionable. According to them, if you go into the test rested
and relaxed, if you are cooperative and try to remain calm, you
are likely to pass polygraph tests. There were some cases when
polygraph failed to trap known spies. Conversely, innocent
people have been known to fail polygraph tests. That is why
polygraph results are not admissible as court evidence.
To conclude, I believe that no device or expert can detect a lie
with 100% accuracy. To my mind, polygraph can make some people
be honest, but it can also be deceived.
Some people
think that science plays the most important role in the
development of our civilization; others believe that our world
would be impossible without poetry.
What does science have in common with poetry? Science is a
product of people"s intellect. Poetry is a product of their
imagination and inspiration. Science deals with bacteria, atoms,
electricity, magnetic fields and so on. Poetry deals with human
feelings such as love, jealousy, hatred and others.
I believe that the world wouldn"t develop without science. The
aims of science are making discoveries and increasing human
knowledge and understanding. Science deals with such areas as
the theory of evolution, the method of creation of the universe
and the Earth, the origins of life and many others. Science has
already helped people answer a lot of complicated questions.
With the help of the latest achievements of science and
engineering we can solve many problems and make our lives
better.
However, many people are not sure that all we need is science.
Some of them are convinced that our lives would be dull without
poetry. People"s feelings are so intense, that they want to
express them using beautiful language. Poetry serves to stir our
imagination and to evoke emotional or sensual responses. While
reading poetry we forget about our problems and experience the
poet"s deepest dreams and fears. A good poem often makes us
laugh or cry. It also makes us think about other people"s
feelings.
In conclusion, I"d like to say that it"s rather difficult to
live both without science and poetry. Science helps develop
technology and solve many problems. Poetry helps make our lives
more colourful and romantic. Besides, it helps us not to forget
about human feelings, values and beliefs.
Some people
think that science has nothing in common with religion, while
others are convinced that it is not so.
There seems to be an eternal conflict between science and
religion. Religious people have disagreed or are still
disagreeing with scientists in different areas. Does it mean
that there is a great gap between science and religion?
To my mind, science and religion have little in common. Science
is a product of people"s intellect. Religion is a product of the
mystical sense and it requires some unquestioned faith. Science
is based on observation, research and experiment. Religious
knowledge is gained from religious leaders, scriptures and
personal revelation. Scientists are convinced that there must be
explanations for all mysterious phenomena. It has already
answered some complicated questions about bacteria, atoms,
electricity, magnetic fields and many others. Religion deals
with questions which science has not answered yet. What is the
purpose of our life? Is there life after death? What happens to
the soul?
However, many people say that science and religion are not as
different as it seems to be. Many scientists dedicate their
lives to solving the riddle of existence. But the more they
learn about the world, the more complex and harder to grasp it
seems to be. Many scientists such as Albert Einstein or Isaac
Newton were devoutly religious individuals and worked to
harmonize science and religion. What scientists call the Energy
is called God by religious people. Besides, more and more
scientists are becoming religious and they are beginning to use
words like "God", "soul" or "spirituality".
To conclude, one day people may realize that science and
religion have a common ground and that spiritual power is as
important as scientific power.
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